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Comprehension means getting the meaning from what we
read. It is the heart of reading. Research shows that knowledge of letter-sound
relationship and comprehension go hand in hand. If children can sound out the
words, but don't understand what they are reading, they are not really reading.
Children can build their comprehension by learning to use mental plans or
strategies, to get the meaning as they read. These strategies include using what
they already know, to make sense of what they read, making predictions, paying
attention to the reading content, creating mental pictures, asking questions and
summarizing what is read. |
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Topic main idea
It is important to find the main idea while reading. Main idea in a text helps
readers remember important information.
The main idea of comprehension tells the topic of the paragraph. The topic
tells, what all or most of the sentences are about.
Ex. Soccer players learn many skills while playing soccer.
Soccer
players learn how to dribble and pass the ball. They also learn how to control
the ball, so that they can eventually score. It is very important that soccer
players learn how to work together with their teammates.
What is the main idea?
1. "They also learn how to control the ball, so that they can eventually
score."
2. Soccer players learn how to dribble.
3. Soccer players learn many skills while playing.
"Now you know the main idea of a Comprehension. The other sentences in the
Comprehension are called as the supporting details."
The supporting details
The supporting details describe or explain the main idea elaborately.
Ex. Soccer players learn many skills while playing soccer. Soccer players learn
how to dribble and pass the ball. They also learn how to control the ball, so
that they can eventually score. It is very important that soccer players learn
how to work together with their teammates.
What are the supporting details?
1. Soccer players learn how to control the ball, so that they can eventually
score.
2. Soccer players learn how to dribble.
3. Soccer players learn many skills while playing. |
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The order in which the events follow one after another and go through the
comprehension and look for words like first, next, last, after, before and
finally to figure out the sequence of events that take place in a passage.
Ex.1 The city zoo in California just received its first three animals. The first
animal it received was a monkey. The second animal that arrived was a deer. The
last one it received was a tiger. Children in California are very excited about
visiting the zoo.
Now write the order of the animals, which arrived at the zoo.
1.  Monkey b. Tiger c. Deer
2. a. Tiger b. Monkey Deer
3. a. Deer Tiger c. Monkey
Ex. 2 Jane made a peanut butter and jam sandwich for herself. First she spread
out peanut butter on a slice of bread. Next she spread the jam on another slice
of bread. After spreading the jam on, she put the two slices of bread together.
Finally, she ate it. It was yummy!
I. Try this.
1. What did Jane first do?
a. Spread jam
Spread peanut butter
c. Ate it
2. Next what did she do?
a. Joined the slices
Spread the
jam
c. Put the
2 slices together
3. Finally she _____.
Joined the slices
b. Spread jam
c. Ate the sandwich
II. Click the order in which she prepared the sandwich.
1. What did Jane first do?
a. Ate it
b. Spread jam
Spread peanut
butter
2. Next what did she do?
a. Put the 2
slices together
b. Joined the
slices
Spread the
jam
3. Finally she _____.
a. Spread
jam
Joined the
slices
c. Ate the
sandwich
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| CAUSE |
EFFECT |
A cause is something that makes something else happen. Out of two events, it is
the event that happens first.
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An effect is the out come of the cause. Of two related events,
it's the one that
happens second or last.
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When you read a passage, ask yourself these questions:
What happens?
Why does it happen?
Answering these questions will help you understand the passage.
A cause is a reason for an event. An effect is what happens as a result of a
cause.
Example:
1. When the door slammed shut, the baby woke up crying .
| When the door slammed shut, |
the baby woke up crying . |
CAUSE
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EFFECT
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2. Our car ran out of gas on the way to town, so we had to walk.
| Our car ran out of gas on the way to town, |
so we had to walk. |
CAUSE
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EFFECT
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3. We had to climb the stairs because the elevator was broken.
| We had to climb the stairs |
because the elevator was broken. |
EFFECT
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CAUSE
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There are several reasons why authors write things. They write to inform or
teach someone about something. Authors, sometimes write to entertain people. Some
other times authors even write to persuade or convince people, to do or not to
do something. |
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As you go through the given passage thoroughly and arrive at certain
conclusions by means of using your reasoning capacity, you note certain details.
1. Bob is tall. Jim is taller than Bob.. Lee is taller than Jim.
Who is taller?
Lee.
2. Mandy liked the movie. Teresa liked the movie more than Mandy. Liz liked the
movie more than Teresa.
Who liked the movie the least?
Mandy.
3. Brett was happy. Jenny was happier than Brett. Roger was happier then Jenny.
Who
was the happiest?
Roger. |
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Writing a story that has been invented is Fantasy.
The story would be about things that could really happen (realistic) or about
things that could not happen (fantasy).
Realism − Here the writing is based on facts. It usually gives information about
people, places or things. A person can often tell while reading, whether a story
or book is a fantasy or realism.
Read the following passages and decide whether each one is a fantasy or realism.
See F for fantasy and R for realism.
"Do not be afraid, little flowers", said the oak. Close your yellow eyes in
sleep and trust in me. You have made me glad many a time with your sweet
fragrance. Now I will take care and see that the winter will do you no harm. (F)
Be careful when you remove the dish out of a microwave. It will be very hot, so
take care not to get burned by the dish or the hot steam. If possible leave the
dish in the microwave for 2 or 3 minutes to cool down. It is always better to
use a potholder to remove a hot dish out of a microwave. (R) |
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Following directions is an important skill in
Comprehension. It has to be cultivated when you are trying to find a new place
or build a model airplane or to use a new recipe, you should follow the
directions given.
Follow the directions:
Read the following recipe to prepare a delicious fruit salad.
Things required:
1. 1 Fresh Pine Apple
2. 2 Bananas
3. 1Cup of Strawberries
4. 2 Oranges
5. 1 Pear
6. 1 Cup seed less Grapes
7. Lemon juice
Directions:
1. Cut the fruits into small pieces.
2. Slice pears, bananas, and strawberries.
3. Peel the orange and divide into sections
4. Dip each fruit piece in lemon juice and mix all
fruits in a large bowl.
5. Cover and Chill.
6. Pour a fruit dressing of your choice over the
chilled fruit. Blend well and serve cold.
1. How many Bananas does the recipe require?
2 Bananas
2. Which 3 fruits do you slice?
Pear, Banana, and Strawberries
3. Which do you do first?
Pour dressing over the fruit.
Slice the Pear.
Serve the fruit salad. |
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Drawing conclusions means to use the clues given in
the passage and make a final decision about something you read. To draw a conclusion you
must read the comprehension carefully.
Jane and Steve took turns in pushing the shopping cart. They went up and down
the aisles. Each time they stopped the cart, they would look at the racks and
decide what they needed. Jane asked her elder brother, "will I need a box of
crayons in Mrs. Charles' class?"
"Yes, I think so", he answered. Then he turned to their mother and said, "I need
some new notebooks. Can I get some"?
1. Where were they?
They were at the store.
2. What are they doing there?
They were buying some school supplies.
3. How do you know? Write at least 2 clue words
that helped you.
Mrs. Charles' class, note books, box of
crayons. |
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